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Family Health Care Decisions Act
The Family Health Care Decisions Act is a statute adopted in New York state in 2010 that had been pending before the legislature since 1994.〔(Long-ignored legislation would ease suffering ), ''The Buffalo News'', Sept. 17, 2008〕 The statute was approved by the New York State Senate in July, 2009. The legislation was introduced by state senator Thomas Duane of Manhattan. It was signed into law by Gov. David Paterson on March 16, 2010. 〔(), ''Press Release'', March 17 2010.〕
The law adds new Articles 29-CC and 29-CCC to the Public Health Law and amends other existing sections of the laws of the State. It allows the relatives of incapacitated patients to make medical decisions for their family members in the absence of a living will or health care proxy.〔(State needs Family Health Care Decisions Act ), ''Albany Times-Union'', June 19, 2007〕 Currently, all other states except for Missouri permit such surrogacy. Advocates have called the bill the "most important piece of medical legislation since lawmakers legalized health care proxies in 1990."〔(Finally give N.Y. families end-of-life decisionmaking power ), ''New York Daily News'', September 6, 2009.〕
==Purposes and scope==
Before this law went into effect, the only legal rights that a husband or wife had in New York regarding a spouse who cannot make medical decisions is to choose whether he or she should be resuscitated after a cardiac arrest.〔 The goal of this FHCDA is to guarantee that family members have increased control over their relatives' health.〔
Among the safeguard provided in the bill are rules that require the capacity of the patient must be assessed and reassessed by two physicians, that spouses rely upon the stated wishes of the incapacitated patient and that life-sustaining care be curtailed only when a patient is either terminally ill, won't regain consciousness, or has an irreversible medical condition that will result in great suffering.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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